Jargon Buster C# Course

Anonymous method – An anonymous method is a code block that is passed as a parameter to a delegate. If the method is only used once, or a limited number of times, an anonymous method may be syntactically lighter than using a named function. View tutorial for keyword

Array – An array is a composite data type that stores a collection of values. These values can then be referenced by an index number. The index number is the location of the data element in the array. Each stored value so indexed is referred to as an array element. Each element is a discrete data value. An element can contain most anything, including another array. View tutorial for keyword

Base Class –Is a class in an OOP language, from which other classes may be derived. It allows the creation of otherclasses that can reuse the code implicitly inherited from the base class this does not include constructors and destructors. A programmer can extend base class functionality by adding or overriding members relevant to the derived class. View tutorial for keyword

Binary Operators – A binary operator is an operator that operates on two operands and manipulates them to return a result e.g. I + c. Operators are represented by special characters or by keywords and provide an easy way to compare numerical values or character strings e.g. ==, && etc… View tutorial for keyword

Bitwise Operations – Operates on one or more bit patterns applying a task to each of the bits e.g. shift right >>. It is a fast, primitive action directly supported by the processor, and is used to manipulate values for comparisons and calculations. On simple low-cost processors, typically, bitwise operations are substantially faster than division, several times faster than multiplication, and sometimes significantly faster than addition. View tutorial for keyword

Class – In object-oriented programming, a class is an extensible program-code-template for creating objects, providing initial values for state (member variables) and implementations of behaviour (member functions, methods). In many languages, the class name is used as the name for the class (the template itself), When an object is created by a constructor of the class, the resulting object is called an instance of the class, and the member variables specific to the object are called instance variables, to contrast with the class variables shared across the class. View tutorial for keyword

Compilation – A compiler is a computer program that transforms human readable source code of another computer program into the machine readable code that a CPU can execute. A compiler is likely to perform many or all of the following operations: lexical analysis, preprocessing, parsing, semantic analysis (Syntax-directed translation), code generation, and code optimization. View tutorial for keyword

Console – An application that takes input and displays output at a command line console with access to three basic data streams: standard input, standard output and standard error. View tutorial for keyword

Constant – A constant is a value that never changes. The other type of values that programs use is variables, symbols that can represent different values throughout the course of a program. View tutorial for keyword

Constructor – A special method on a class or struct that initializes the objects of that type. It prepares the new object for use, often accepting arguments that the constructor uses to set required member variables. Constructors often have the same name as the declaring class. View tutorial for keyword

Delegate – A delegate is a type that references a method. Once a delegate is assigned a method, it behaves exactly like that method. Delegates come in handy for things like event handlers, and such, where you do different things based on different events. Because a delegate does not know the class of a referenced object, it is used for anonymous invocation. View tutorial for keyword

Derived Class – A class that uses inheritance to gain, augment, or modify the behaviour and data of another ‘base’ class. Derived classes are used for augmenting the functionality of base class by adding or modifying the properties and methods to suit the requirements of the specialization necessary for derived class. View tutorial for keyword

Destructor – The purpose of the destructor is to release or relinquish all resources such as memory, close any open files etc… when an object of this class is destroyed. Typically such resources will have been acquired by the class constructor. A destructor is automatically invoked when the object is destroyed. It can happen when its lifetime is bound to scope and the execution leaves the scope, when it is embedded into another object whose lifetime ends, or when it was allocated dynamically and is released explicitly. View tutorial for keyword

Encapsulation – Encapsulation is the process of providing access to an object only through it’s messages while keeping the details private. Encapsulation controls the use of a class. Object-oriented programming languages rely heavily on encapsulation to create high-level objects. Encapsulation is closely related to abstraction and information hiding. View tutorial for keyword

Enums – The enum keyword is used to declare an enumeration, a distinct type that consists of a set of named constants called the enumerator list. The use of enums brings the advantage of type safety by assigning the numeric variable in a program with meaningful enum values. View tutorial for keyword

Event – An event is an action or occurrence detected by the program that may be handled by the program. Typically events are handled synchronously with the program flow, that is, the program has one or more dedicated places where events are handled. Typical sources of events include the user e.g. mouse move event. View tutorial for keyword

Explicit Casting – A user-defined cast that a user explicitly invokes with the CAST AS keyword or cast operator. Cast operations can be performed for numeric conversions in which the destination type is of lesser precision or a smaller range. It is also used for conversion from base class instance to derived class. View tutorial for keyword

Expression – An expression is a combination of explicit values, constants, variables, operators, and functions that are interpreted according to the particular rules of precedence and of association for a particular programming language, which computes and then produces another value E.g. Assignment X = 5. View tutorial for keyword

Field – A data member of a class or struct that is accessed directly. Fields are used to store data that must be accessible to multiple methods of a class and available throughout the lifetime of an object. Fields enable a class or struct to encapsulate the data with options to specify its accessibility at multiple levels. View tutorial for keyword

Generics – Generics allow you to define a class and or method that are defined with a type parameter. When client code instantiates the type, it specifies a particular type as an argument. View tutorial for keyword

Handler – A function or method containing program statements that are executed in response to an event. An event handler typically is a software routine that processes actions such as keystrokes and mouse movements. With Web sites, event handlers make Web content dynamic. View tutorial for keyword

Heap – The heap or managed heap is a data structure in memory where all objects—reference types—are stored. An area of memory reserved for data that is created at runtime — that is, when the program actually executes. View tutorial for keyword

Immutable Type – A type whose instance data, fields and properties, does not change after the instance is created. Most value types are immutable. Immutable types are designed for efficient memory management and better speed, which makes them suitable for objects with synchronization requirements. View tutorial for keyword

Implicit Casting – The abilty of some compilers to automatically insert typeconversion functions where an expression of one type is used in a context where another type is expected. A common example is coercion of integers to reals so that an expression like sin(1) is compiled as sin(integerToReal(1)) where sin is of type Real ->Real. View tutorial for keyword

Inheritance – C# supports inheritance, so a class that derives from another class, known as the base class, inherits the same methods and properties. Inheritance involves base classes and derived classes. It is a mechanism for code reuse and to allow independent extensions of the original software via public classes and interfaces. View tutorial for keyword

Interface – In object-oriented languages, the term interface is often used to define an abstract type that contains no data or code, but defines behaviours as method signatures. A class having code and data for all the methods corresponding to that interface is said to implement that interface. Furthermore, a class can implement multiple interfaces, and hence can be of different types at the same time.

Iteration – You can create loops by using the iteration statements. Iteration statements cause embedded statements to be executed a number of times, subject to the loop-termination criteria. One cycle is called an iteration and sometimes if the code is the same and it calls itself it can be called recursion. View tutorial for keyword

Java – Java is an object-oriented language, it is simplified to eliminate language features that cause common programming errors. Java source code files are compiled into a format called bytecode (files with a .class extension), which can then be executed by a Java interpreter. View tutorial for keyword

Keyword – Names reserved by the compiler that coders are not allowed to use as identifiers. Keywords are also already identifiers themselves. Keywords can be commands or parameters. Every programming language has a set of keywords that cannot be used as variable names. Keywords are sometimes called reserved names. View tutorial for keyword

Member – A field, property, method, or event declared on a class or struct.

Method – In object-oriented programming, a procedure that is executed when an object receives a message. A method is really the same as a procedure, function, or routine in procedural programming languages. The only difference is that in object-oriented programming, a method is always associated with a class. View tutorial for keyword

Mutable Type – A type whose instance data, fields and properties, can be changed after the instance is created. Most Reference Types are mutable. Mutable types are used in parallel applications, where the objects of mutable value type are maintained in the stack by the Common Language Runtime (CLR). This provides some optimization, which makes it faster than heap-allocated objects. View tutorial for keyword

NameSpace – The namespace keyword is used to declare a scope that contains a set of related objects. You can use a namespace to organize code elements and to create globally unique types. View tutorial for keyword

Nesting – Embedding one object in another object of the same type. Nesting is quite common in programming, where different logic structures sequence, selection and loop) are combined (i.e., nested in one another). A nested type has access to all of the members that are accessible to its containing type. It can access private and protected members of the containing type, including any inherited protected members. View tutorial for keyword

Object – An object is a location in memory having a value and possibly referenced by an identifier. An object can be a variable, function, or data structure. In the object-oriented programming paradigm, “object” refers to a particular instance of a class where the object can be a combination of variables, functions, and data structures. An object has state (data) and behaviour (code). Objects correspond to things found in the real world. So for example, a graphics program will have objects such as circle, square, menu. View tutorial for keyword

Operator – In general, operators help in building expressions that form the primary means to work with data stored in constants and variables. Many programs and programming languages recognize other operators that allow you to manipulate numbers and text in more sophisticated ways. View tutorial for keyword

Parameter – A parameter is a special kind of variable, used in a subroutine to refer to one of the pieces of data provided as input to the subroutine. These pieces of data are called arguments. An ordered list of parameters is usually included in the definition of a subroutine, so that, each time the subroutine is called, its arguments for that call can be assigned to the corresponding parameters. View tutorial for keyword

Partial Method – A partial method is defined in one part of the class but (optionally) implemented in another part of the class. View tutorial for keyword

Partial Types – A partial type is a class, interface, or struct that is preceded by the partial modifier. View tutorial for keyword

Properties – Characteristics of an object. Something an object has. Provides a specific access point to data within a field. Properties are a special sort of class member, intermediate between a field (or data member) and a method. Properties are read and written like fields, but property reads and writes are (usually) translated to get and set method calls. View tutorial for keyword

Reference Type – Reference types represent the ‘major entities’ in your OO design, such as classes and interfaces. A reference type refers to an object in some external memory space. This is in contrast to value types that are stored where they are created. View tutorial for keyword

Stack – The stack is a data structure in memory used for storing items in a last-in, first-out manner (LIFO). The stack contains both local variables and the call stack. View tutorial for keyword

Static – Use the static modifier to declare a static member, which belongs to the type itself rather than to a specific object. A static member of a class can be used to keep track of the instances created and maintain common data to be shared among all instances. It can be used in helper and utility classes, which usually contain generic methods that contain abstractions of pure logic. View tutorial for keyword

Struct – A compound data type that is typically used to contain a few variables that have some logical relationship. Structs can also contain methods and events. Structs do not support inheritance but they do support interfaces. A struct is a value type, while a class is a reference type. View tutorial for keyword

Unary Operators – Unary Operators has only one operand. The operation takes place using a single operand e.g. i++ View tutorial for keyword

Validation – ensure that the data entered is sensible and reasonable.

Value Type – Value types represent the ‘small things’ in your app, such as numerical types. View tutorial for keyword

Variable – Word that stores a value. Storage location that holds a value. Type and name of variable must be declared in a statement. Must be explicitly declared before use. Uses CamelCase notation. View tutorial for keyword

Verification – The process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.